Releases Saturday 4 August 2001
No 7307 Volume 323

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(1) DEPRESSION MORE COMMON DURING
PREGNANCY THAN AFTER CHILDBIRTH

(2) TARGETS FOR PREVENTING HEART DISEASE
PUT HUGE STRAIN ON UK GENERAL PRACTICE

(3) CAN EMAIL HELP DOCTORS USE THEIR TIME
MORE PRODUCTIVELY?



(1) DEPRESSION MORE COMMON DURING
PREGNANCY THAN AFTER CHILDBIRTH

(Cohort study of depressed mood during pregnancy and
after childbirth)
http://bmj.com/cgi/content/full/323/7307/257

Depression during pregnancy is more common than
postnatal depression, finds a study in this week's BMJ. As
mood during pregnancy may affect the unborn child, more
efforts need to be directed towards recognising and
treating antenatal depression, report the authors.

Over 9,000 pregnant women recorded their mood through
pregnancy and after childbirth in a series of questionnaires.
Any reported symptoms of depression were measured
against a recognised depression scale.

Depression scores were higher during pregnancy than after
childbirth, with a peak at 32 weeks of pregnancy and a
lowest value 8 months after childbirth. The severity and
nature of reported symptoms did not differ before and
after childbirth, suggesting that depression is no more likely
after childbirth than it is during pregnancy, say the authors.

Although postnatal depression has become a focus of
concern, depression during pregnancy has been relatively
neglected, say the authors. They call for urgent research
into both the consequences for the child and the potential
benefits of screening for, and treating, depression during
pregnancy. "Offering treatment may be important for both
the mother and the future wellbeing of the child and
family," they conclude.

Contact:

Jonathan Evans, Consultant Senior Lecturer, Division of
Psychiatry, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
Email: j.evans@bristol.ac.uk

(2) TARGETS FOR PREVENTING HEART DISEASE
PUT HUGE STRAIN ON UK GENERAL PRACTICE

(General practice workload implications of the national
service framework for coronary heart disease: cross
sectional survey)
http://bmj.com/cgi/content/full/323/7307/269

(Editorial: Preventing cardiovascular disease in primary
care)
http://bmj.com/cgi/content/full/323/7307/246

Primary care teams in England face a huge and unrealistic
increase in workload in order to meet the goals of the
national service framework for coronary heart disease,
finds a study in this week's BMJ.

Researchers at Nottingham University used computerised
records from 18 general practices to identify two groups
of patients aged 35-74: those with established coronary
heart disease or stroke and those at high risk of developing
coronary heart disease.

Based on the list of standards described in the framework,
the team estimated that in the average practice of 10,000
patients, over 900 items will need recording and over
2,000 disease control measures will be needed, with
profound implications for primary care, say the authors.
Furthermore, study limitations mean that these estimates
are conservative, they add.

In an accompanying editorial, two leading experts in
general practice ask: "In the absence of additional
resources, how should this extra work be prioritised
alongside everything else required of primary care?" They
discuss the challenges involved in identifying and delivering
effective preventative strategies given a global shortage of
doctors and nurses, and question whether the workload
involved in meeting these expectations is matched by the
benefits gained.

With more national service frameworks promised, those
seeking accountability from the health service should
acknowledge the current workload, morale, and
opportunity costs of their targets and timeframes, conclude
the authors.

Contacts:

[Paper]:Julia Hippisley-Cox, Senior Lecturer in General
Practice, Nottingham University, Nottingham, UK
Email: julia.hippisley-cox@nottingham.ac.uk

[Editorial]: Les Toop, Professor of General Practice,
Christchurch School of Medicine and Health Sciences,
University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
Email: les.toop@chmeds.ac.nz

(3) CAN EMAIL HELP DOCTORS USE THEIR TIME
MORE PRODUCTIVELY?

(How should hamsters run? Some observations about
sufficient patient time in primary care)
http://bmj.com/cgi/content/full/323/7307/266

In almost every era doctors have perceived themselves as
"running faster" but there is little evidence to support this.
Doctors feel stressed because there is now so much more
they can do. There are more external forces impinging on
their practice and patients and the public have raised
expectations, yet patients value meaningful time with a
trusted clinician.

A paper in this week's BMJ explores how new
technologies can help doctors maintain continuity of care
and allow more time for meaningful communication with
patients.

Some doctors think that email will increase practice
demands and not substitute for other care, writes David
Mechanic, a Research Institute Director at the State
University of New Jersey. However, primary care doctors
who have adopted email with patients report favourable
results.

Email is also a way for patients to maintain continuity with
their doctors, explains the author. It can facilitate
information flow, allow better scheduling of appointments,
and avoid gaps in communication. It may also reduce
unnecessary appointments, save the patient and doctor
time and inconvenience, and contribute to health education
and patient responsibility.

Email communication with patients, properly structured
and with adequate safeguards, helps maintain continuity of
care, provides opportunities to deal with routine matters,
and allows more time for meaningful communication, he
concludes.

Contact:

David Mechanic, Director, Institute for Health, Health
Care Policy and Ageing Research, Rutgers, the State
University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
Email: mechanic@rci.rutgers.edu


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